The first science fiction convention depends on what counts as a convention. The 1936 Philadelphia meeting, the 1937 Leeds gathering, and the 1939 New York Worldcon all matter, but they represent different stages in the invention of fan conventions.
Table of Contents
| Candidate | Why it matters |
|---|---|
| 1936 Philadelphia meeting | Often cited as an early science fiction fan convention or proto-convention |
| 1937 Leeds convention | Important early British science fiction convention |
| 1939 New York Worldcon | First World Science Fiction Convention and start of Worldcon tradition |
Why There Is More Than One Answer
Early fandom did not have a fixed definition of “convention.” Some gatherings were small meetings of fans from more than one city. Others had programs, guests, committees, or a public identity closer to later conventions. The answer changes depending on whether you mean first fan gathering, first national-style convention, first British convention, or first Worldcon.
The 1939 Worldcon
The first Worldcon, held in New York in 1939, is the cleanest answer for the beginning of the World Science Fiction Convention tradition. It matters because the Worldcon line continued, paused during World War II, and became the central annual institution of organized fandom.
Best Short Answer
If someone asks casually, the safest answer is: the first Worldcon was held in New York in 1939, while earlier fan gatherings in Philadelphia and Leeds are important candidates for the first science fiction convention depending on definition.
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